How can mapping and geographic information systems (GIS) aid in disaster planning?

Mapping and geographic information systems (GIS) are essential tools in disaster planning because they provide a visual representation of hazards, resources, and population distribution. By visualizing geographic data, planners can identify areas at higher risk for certain disasters, such as floods or wildfires, and assess the availability of resources like emergency services, shelters, and medical facilities. This visual context enables decision-makers to develop more effective response strategies, allocate resources appropriately, and communicate plans clearly to the community.

The other options do not align with the fundamental role of GIS in disaster management. While GIS can enhance physical mapping efforts, it does not replace them entirely; rather, it complements traditional maps by adding layers of relevant data. The focus of GIS in disaster planning extends beyond economic data, incorporating various types of information necessary for a comprehensive understanding of potential hazards. Additionally, although some GIS technologies may require advanced tools, many accessible systems are available that communities can utilize without significant barriers. Thus, the initial answer captures the core benefits of GIS in disaster planning accurately.